Adding and subtracting machine.



191 bu case G. P. KETTERING. ADDING AND SUBTRAOTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 31, 1908.

Patented May 24, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

G. I. KETTERING.

ADDING AND SUB'IRAOTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 31, 1908.

Patented May 24, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W @W I Q vi lucasco Q9. A. W

G. F. KETTERING.

ADDING AND SUBTRAGTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 31, 1908.

959,059. Patented May 24, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

HHHHHHHW"""" DH D UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES E. KETTERING, 0F DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE NATIONAL CASHREGISTER COHIANY, 0F DAYTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO, (INCORPORATEDSpecification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 24, 1910.

Application filed August 31, 1908. Serial No. 451,076.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES F. Kn'rrnn- ING, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State ofOhio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Adding andSubtracting Machines, of which I declare the following to be a 'full,clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to totalizing-devices for accounting machines.

Among its objects are to provide a totalizing device to which amountsmay be added or from which amounts may be subtracted by mechanism whichis designed for adding only. A

A further object of the invention is to provide a totalizing devicewhich may be either backwardly or forwardly rotated by mechanism whendifferentially moved in one direction only.

Another object is to provide mechanism for changing the position of thetotalizing device wlth respect to the actuating mechanism and by sodoing ehangingthe direction of rotation of the totalizing devices whenthe actuatin mechanism is operated.

Another object '18 to provide mechanism which is operated by the drivingmechanism of the machinefor so positioning the totalizer.

Another object is to provide a totalizer with duplicate registeringmembers for each denomination of the totalizer arranged so as tooppositely actuate each other when one set is operated.

Another object is to provide an accounting machine wherein means areprovided for automatically restoring the mechanism to adding positionafter a subtracting operation.

Another object is to provide an accounting machine with a subtractingkey which may be released hy'hand or will be released by the machineat-the completion of the subtractin operation. 7

Anot er object is to provide means ror alining the totalizer with theactuating segments in either adding or subtracting relations with thesegments when the totalizer is rocked into mesh with the segments.

With these and incidental objects in wow, the invention consists incertain novel features of construction and combinations of parts, theessential elements of which are set forth in the appended specificationand a preferred form of embodiment of which is hereinafter describedwith reference to the drawings which accompany and form part of thespecification.-

Of s'a'id drawings: Figure 1 is a side elevation of an accountingmachinefurnished with a totalizer and controlling mechanism constructedaccording to this invention. The frame of the machine is shown insection. Fig.- 2 is a top plan view of the totalizer and of part of themechanism for shifting it into adding or subtracting position. Fig-3 isa front elevation of the totalizer and some associated mechanism. Fig.4' is a longitudinal section of one denominational element of thetotalizer. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of one of the transfer pawls. Fig.6 is a perspective view of rt of the mechanism which serves to shi thetotalizer into adding or subtracting positions. Fig. 7 is a sectionalview showln art of the driving mechanism and part oi tiie printer. Fig.8 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the relative positions of thetransfer pins on the adding and substracting gears of the totalizer whenthe totalizer is at the zero position.

As stated above, the main object of the invention is to provide animproved form of adding and subtracting machine.

It is well known in the art to be possible to subtract on any machinedesi ned for adding by a process known as a din-g the complement. Thisprocess consists in adding to a number already on the totalizer of themachine the complement of the number which is desired to be subtracted,and will clearly give the correct result, but it is to be noted thatthis operation requires considerable thought on the opera-tors parttodecide on the true complement and moreover has a number ofdisadvantages. One of the greatest disadvantages is the transfer therebygiven to higher denominations though this may be corrected by theprocess known as-rnnning off the nines, consisting in the depression ofthe nine keys of all the banks hi her than the ones employed. A furtherisadvanta' e consists in the fact that the number a ded in the unitsplace, that is, the complement number, is computed on a different systemfrom the complement numbers of the higher orders. Taken together,therefore, these two disadvantages amount to a great deal in thecommercial operation of such a machine. It is also possible to subtractby a reverse movement of the operating devices for the register,obtained by changing the timing of throwing in the register ortotalizing members, but this method is open to the objection that itrequires some complication to cause this change of timing, and itfurther in most cases, requires two sets of transfer devices, therebyadding to the expense and liability of errors of the apparatus.

The present invention aims to give a construction superior to either ofthe types above referred to by providing two members for eachdenomination of the totalizer, so connected that either one of them maydrive the other and so positioned that either one of them may beconnected to the main operating devices. By this construction no changein timing of engagements between the totalizer elements and theoperating devices is necessary, and only one set of transfer devicesneeds to be employed.

This invention relates particularly to the construction of the totalizerand mechanism for positioning the same into adding or subtractingpositions. The totalizer comprises a plurality of denominationalelements each of which elements consists of a pair of gears andintermediate gearing between the pair, which when one of the gears isrotated will efi'ect an opposite rotation of its companion gear. One ofthe sets of cars is, or may be, furnished with the usua numbered drumsso that the operator may read the particular position of the gears butthis is not necessary as printing devices which may be controlled by thegears, may be operated at any time to indicate the extent of rotation ofthe gears.

Means are provided for shiftin the totalizer in a longitudinal or axialirection so that either one or the other of the sets of gears, i. 6.,one gear in each denominational element of the totalizer, may be broughtinto operative relation with the actuating devices for the totalizer. Ifit is desired to subtract an amount which is set up on the keyboard itwill only be necessary to depress the subtracting key in order to effectthe positioning of the totalizer for a subtracting operation while if itis desired to add an amount to the totalizer the machine need only beoperated in the usual Way leaving the subtractin key in its undepressedposition, the position of the subtractin key determining whether or notthe tota izer will be shifted to subtracting position upon an operationof the machine. The totalizer is supplied with the usual guard withopenings for reading the numbers and the guard is arranged to move withthe totalizer when it is longitudinally shifted so that the totalizermay be read in either its adding or subtracting positions.

This invention is shown in the drawin as applied to the well knownBurrougfi; adding machine which is described in the gatent to W. S.Burrou hs, No. 504963, of

eptember 12, 1893. T e Burroughs machine, as is the case with a greatnumber of adding 0 erations so that the same principle of trans er maybe used.

Oscillatory actuating segments are used in the Burroughs machine toactuate the total- 1zer and are returned to zero position after eachoperation; the totalizer being meshed with the actuating segments uponthe return of the same. The actuating segments are stopped at theirreturn to zero position by pivoted arms or pawls which extend into theirpaths. These pawls are arranged to be tripped by counter pinions oflower orders when said pinions make a complete rotation, and therebypermit their respective segments to pass the zero position one unit ofmovement so that the inion of next higher order to the one which trippedthe pawl will rotate an additional unit and thereby record the completerotation of the pinion of lower order.

Each totalizer pinion of the present invention carries means fortripping the transfer pawls, and as either set of pinions will rotate inthe same direction when actuated by the segments whether an amount isbeing added or subtracted the same transferring device may be used.

Briefly stated the Burroughs addingmachine is arranged as follows: Thekeyboard comprises a number of banks of keys bank for each denominationof the totalizer. The keys in each bank are numbered from one at thebottom to nine at the to The one different banks of keys and di erentialby a latch which is arranged to release the segment upon the depressionof any key in its respective bank. The segments are prevented from'lowering too fast through the action of their springs by an oscillatingframe which supports the segments and which is so controlled by thedriving mechanism as to lower at a desirable speed; the segments beingstopped b those of the before mentionedstops which are brought intotheir paths by the depression of keys. When the segments are at rest intheir lowcred positions, the totalizer is brought. into mesh therewithand the oscillating frame is then rocked upwardly to return all of thesegments to their zero positions and to thereby cause the rotation ofthedifferent pinions in the totalizer according to the extent that thesegments were moved downwardly. If any transfer pa-wls are tripped uponthe return of the segments, the segments which are controlled by thetransfer pawls which are tripped will move up an additional unit andthereby turn in the transfer to their respective totalizer pinions. Theextra unit of movement of the segments which is used for transferring isaccomplished by means of a spring connection between the segments andtheir carrying arms. a

The springs which actuate the segments when they are moved downwardlyare connected to the carrying arms of the segment and do not preventrelative movement between the segments and their carrying arms. Each ofthe carrying arms of the different segments has a part extendingrearwardly from the shaft upon which the arms are mounted, whichrearward extensions carry type arranged so that the type of the propervalue will be brought to the printing line when the segments are rockeddifferent degrees as controlled by the keyboard. The type are slidablymounted upon the carry- .ing arms for the segments and are actuated byhammers which strike the rear of the type and force the same against thestripef paper against the action of springs wh ch bear between the typeand their carrying arms. The hammers are .arranged to be actuated whenthe segments are at rest in their lowered positions and before theoscillating frame begins to move upwardly.

The above descriptionrelates to the printing of the individual amountswhichare set up on the keyboard. If it is desired to print the totalamount which has been added to the totalizer none of the value keys aredepressed but instead a special totalizing key is depressed which servesto unlatch all of theactuating segments so that they may all bemoveddownwardl when the machine is: operated. The totallzi-ng key alsocontrols the mechanism which moves actuating segments so that thetotalizer will be in mesh with the segments during their full downwardstroke. In totalizing operations, the downward stroke of the segments islimited by thepinions with which they are meshed because of pins whichare carried by said pinions engaging a non-camming surface of thetransfer pawl when the pinions are backwardly rotated to zero positions.The pins which are carried by the pinions are stopped in totalizingoperations when the'zero po: sitions are reached and so also preventfurther movement of their respective actuating segments, the segmentsbeing stopped at a position-to bring type to the printing line of avalue which corresponds to the extent of backward rotation of thepinions. The

printing hammers are then actuated as usual and so print the totalamount which has been added to the totalizer. The totalizer is theneither unmeshed with the actuating segments so that the totalizcr willremain at zero position or permitted to remain in mesh with thetota-lizer segments so that upon the return of the segments thetotalizer pinions will be again forwardly rotated to their originalpositions. In one case the total amount is printed and the totalizer isleft in zero or its reset position while in the other case the totalalone is printed without resetting so that new amonnts which are addedto the totalizer will be added to the amount of which a total has beenprinted.

The mechanism which is common to the Burroughs adding machine and isshown in the drawings will now be pointed out with reference to thedrawings. The value keys are shown at 10, Fig. 1. The one key'is locatednearest the front of the machine and the keys run up to nine at the rearof the machine. Each key bears upon a bell-crank lever 11 which ispivoted at 12 and when a key is depressed will be rocked so as to drawits respective rod or wire 13 into the path of the lug 14 of itsrespective actuating segment. The wires 13 are bent over at their ends15so as to extend across the edge of the segments. The segments travel inguide ways 16 which are slotted at 17 to receive the bent part of thewires 13 and thereby support the same so as not to become easily bent orbroken. Each 'of the hellcranl; levers 11 extend through a slot in thei8 and when rocked will bear against the edge of the slot so as to slidethe piate l8 hackwardly. The plates 18 have sent forward ends 19 whichextend in under part 20 of segment iatches 21 and when a" plate 18 isslid backwardly it will rock the latch 21 upon its pivot 22 and causethe same to release its respective segment. The seg-- ments of the banksin which keys have been depressed are then free to move downwardly underthe action of their springs 23 (see Fig. 17) with the exception of beingretained by the oscillating frame 24 which extends in under the arms 25of all of the segments and which frame is caused to rock downwardly whenthe drive shaft 26 is oscillated. The drive shaft 26 is oscillated onceduring each operation of the machine through an angle of about 90degrees and is so connected with the frame 24 as to cause the same to berocked downwardly a distance sufiicient to permit the totalizeractuating segments to move downwardly the full nine units of movement ifnecessary. The frame 24 is actuated by a slotted cam mounted upon theshaft 27. The cam is not shown in the drawings but the shaft 27 isoscillated by means of a spring 28 which connects an arm 29 mounted uponthe shaft 27 with the.

arm 30 which is mounted upon a shaft 31. The shaft-3l also carries anarm 32 which is connected by a link 33 with segment 34 which is rigidwith the drive shaft 26. The object of the spring connection 28 is toregulate the speed of oscillation of the shaft 27 so that if theoperating handle which is usually mounted upon the shaft 26 is operatedby a fast or erky motion, the spring connection 28 will allow the shaft27 to semewhat lag behind the shaft 26 and thereby move more uniformly.The actuating segments then follow the frame downwardly until stopped bythe bent part of the wires 11.3 which have been moved into their paths.

The totalizer is arranged to move out of mesh with the segments beforethe same start to move downwardly. It is mounted between a pair of arms36 and 37 which are mounted upon the shaft 38. The arm 36 carries pins39 and 40. The pin 39 is located above the pivot of the arm 36 and thepin 40 is located below the pivot of the arm 36 and a reciprocating arm41 is mounted so as to normally engage the pin 39 and rock the totalizeron its pivot 38 into or out of mesh with the actuatin segments accordingto the reciprocation o the arm 41. The rear end of the arm 41 is pivotedat 42 to the central arm 43 of a three-armed lever 44 which is pivotedat 45 to the frame of the machine. The arms 46 and 47 of the lever 44have mounted thereon pins 48 and 49 res ectively. A double actin pawl 50pivota 1y mounted upon the oscil ating arm 51 which is rigid with theshaft 27 alternately engages the pins 48 and 49 when the shaft 27 1soscillated and so rocks the lever 44 upon its pivot 45 and causes thereciprocation of the arm 41 which is pivoted to the lever 44. Thealternate strokes of the arm 41 occur one at the beginning of theoperation of the machine before the segments move downwardly and sorocks the totalizer out of mesh and the other when the segments are atrest in the lowered positions and so returns the, totalizer into mesh atthis time. The rocking frame 24 is now returned toits upper positioncarrying with it all segments which have been lowered and as thetotalizer remains in mesh during the return stroke it willnbe rotated adistance corresponding to such movement of the segments and so theamount which has been set up on the keyboard will be recorded upon thetotalizer.

\Vhen the actuating segments are at rest in their lowered positions theprinting hammers 52 are actuated to force the particular type 53 whichhave been brought to printing position against the paper and ink ribbon,which are arranged to be fed between the type and the platen 54,and-cause the printing of the amount which has been set up on thekeyboard. The operation of the printing mechanism is fully described inpatent to W. S. Burroughs-No. 505,078 of September 12, 1893.

\Vhen any of the totalizer nimons pass from 9 to 0 the in or cam carriedbv the pinion strikes the surface 55 of the trans fer pawls 56 (seeFigs. 1 and 5) and rocks the pawl rearwardly upon its pivot 57. The edge58 of the transfer pawl is ordinarily in the path of a pin 59 mountedupon the actuating segments 35 but when the pawl is rocked rearwardly ina transferring operation the edge 58 of the awl will be rocked out ofthe path of the pin 59 and allow the segment 35 which is controlledthereby to pass its zero position, at which position the awl ordinarilystops the segment. In do- 1ng so it rotates its respective counterpinion.

an additional unit of movement. The extra unit of movement of thesemnent 35 is accom ished by the spring 60 .which is stretched betweenthe arm 25 which carries the segment 35 and the lower end of thesegment. The segment has a slot and pin connection 61 with the arm 25 sothat the segment may be free to move an additional unit of movement whenthe transfer pawl is rocked out of its path. As the extra unit ofmovement does not occur immediately upon the tripping of the transferpawl but only when these ent reaches its upper zero position, pawdetents 62 are provided which when the pawl is tripped rock over thepart 63 of the pawl and hold it in a tri pod position. The detents 62are actuated by springs 64 extending from the ends of the detents 62 tothe transfer pawls 56 and are restored to normal position upon the nextoperation of the machine during the downward stroke of the frame 24 byarod which is arranged to engage the rear extensions 65 of the detents.This rod and the arms which rock it and some other details are not shownin the drawings as they would unnecessarily complicate the same, but ifdesired a descri tion of them may be found in the aforesai patents.

The transfer pawls 56 are bent at 66 so that the art 58 will be in thepath of the pin 59 o the next hi her segment than the one which operatest e pinion causing the t-rip'of the t ansfer paw The recip ocating arm41 is suspended from a totalizing key (not shown) which when do )ressedwill lower the arm 41 so that it will he in operative relation with thepin 40 on the arm 36 instead of the pin 39. By operating the machinewhen the parts are in this position with'the totalizing key depressedthe totalizer will not be rocked out of mesh before the segments aredownwardly moved but will be rocked out of mesh when the segments are atrest in their lowered positions, so that the segments will not affectthe totalizer when they are returned, but will leave the totalizer atzero. In totalizing operations, the extent of downward movement of thesegments is controlled by the transfer ins engaging the non-cammingsurface 67 0 the p'awls which stop the. segments when they have moveddownwardly an extent corresponding to the amount which has been added tothe totalizer, When the segments are n their lowered positions, theprinting hammers are operated in the usual way and so cause a printedrecord of the amount which had been added to the totalizer.

The mechanism thus far described is not a part of the present inventionwhich comprises means whereby the above principle of actuating thetot-alizer and transfer device may be used in subtracting operations aswell as in operations of addition without any change in said mechanism.In fact, the form of totalizer here shown may be easily fitted to agreat variety of adding machines so that they may be used forsubtracting operations as well, and is illustrated in connection withthe'Burroughs machine merely as an illustration.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of one denominational element of thetotalizer of the present invention. It comprises a pair of pinions 70and 71. Each of the pinions has rigidly secured theretoa bevel gear 7 2.The

bevel gears 72 mesh with an intermediate bevel pinion 73. The gear 71may carry a numbered drum 74, as is usual with most totalizers and it isthis gear which is directly in mesh with its res ective segment whenamounts are being addhd to the totalizer so that the total amount may beread from the drums 74. If it is desired to subtract from the totalizer,the totalizer is moved longitudinally so that the gears 70 will bebrought into operative relation with the segments instead of the gears71, thus when the se ments actuate the gears 70, the gears 71 will bebackwardly rotated because of the intermediate gear between the gears 70and 71. The extent of backward rotation of the gears 71 is of coursecontrolled in the same way by the keyboard as is the forward rotation ofthe gears 71 in adding operations, and the drums 74 will indicate thedifference between the amount which was on the totalizer and the amountsubtracted therefrom. The gears 70 and 71 with their bevel gears 72 aremounted upon the totalizer shaft 75 b ing spaced from the next pair bycollars 76. The shaft 75 is rigidly fixed in the supporting arms 36 and37 so as to be prevented from rotating, and the bevel pinions arejournaled on studs 77 which are screwed into the. shaft 75, as may beseen from Fig. 4.

For the purpose of shifting the totalizer in a longitudinal direction,the carrying arms 36 and 37 for the same are Slidably mounted on theshaft 38 and the collar 7 8 of the arm 36 is grooved to receive a nonoscillating supporting arm 80 which carries a stud 81 which studco-acting with a cam slot- 82 in one end of the lever 83 which ispivoted at 84 to a fixed support 85. The other end of the lever 83 isconnected to a link 86 which when moved in the direction of the arrow 87(Figs. 2 and 6) will rock the lever 8.3 so that the s ot 8 wi l eng gethe pin 31 and thereby shift the totalizer so that the gears 70 will bebrought into operative relation with the segments. The link 86 connectsthe lever 83 with a lever 88 which is pivoted at .89 to one arm of abell-crank lever 90 (s e Figs. 1 and, 6), The upper arm 91 of thebell-crank lever is pivoted to a subtraction key 92. The subtraction keyis depressible against the action of the 'spring 93 and passes through aslot in the late 94 and by being rocked slightly backward when beingdepressed will be retained in its depressed position by the lug 95engaging the edge of the Slot in the plate 94. The depression of thesubtraction key rocks the bell-crank lever 90 upon its pivot 96 andthrough the pivotal connection 89 between the bell-crank lever 91, andthe lever 88 will cause the lever 88 to be rocked on its pivotalconnection 97 with the link 86, and thereby bring the roller 98 which iscarried by the lever 88 to its dotted position which is shown at .98(Fig. 1). The arm 99 which is rigid with the shaft 26 and has a v shapedcamming slot 100, is rocked upwardly at the time the rocking frame 24 islowered so that the V-shaped slot will engage the roller 98 at this timeand return the same to its initial position thereby rocking the lever 88upon its pivot 89 and so pulling the link 86 in the direction of thearrow 87 (Fig. 2) and shift the totalizer to subtracting relation withthe actuating segments. At the time the cam 99 acts upon the roller 98,the bell-crank lever 90 is prevented from rocking because of thesubtraction key being latched to the plate 94.

The totalizer will be out of mesh when this shifting occurs as the cam99 is so timed as not to actuate the lever 88 until the totalizer hasbeen moved out of mesh, but the totalizer will be shifted intosubtracting position before the segments are at rest in their lowstrokedevice 34 when the subtraction key is in its depressed position and thefull stroke device returns to its initial position at the end of asubtracting operation. When the pawl 101 is so rocked on its pivot 102it engages the pin 104 on the shank of the subtraction key and rocks iton the pivot 102 to disengage the lug 95 from the plate 94 and permitthe subtraction key to return to its upper position it being drawn up bythe spring 93. The pawl 101 is normally held in the position in which itis shown in Fig. 1 by the spring 105. on the forward movement of thefull stroke 34 it rocks the pawl 101 idly.

All of the pinions of the totalizerwhether of the set 71 which isoperated upon by the actuating segment when amounts are added to thetotalizer or of the set which are operated upon when amounts'aresubtracted from the totalizer carry pins 121 which are arranged to tripthe transfer pawls 56 after the pinions have made a complete rotationwhich occurs in adding operations when the pinions pass from the nine tothe zero position and in subtracting operations when the pinions. passfrom zero to nine. Each time a pinion trips a transfer pawl itaccomplishes the rotation of the next higher pinion of its set anadditional unit of movement. If the actuatin segments are operating uponthe set 71 o the totalizer pinions in a transferring operation thepinions 71 of the next higher denomination will be forwardly rotated anadditional unit, while if the segments are operating on the set 70 ofthe totalizer pinions, the inions 70 in transferring operations will eect the rotation of the pinion 70 of next higher order an additionalunit of movement forwardly but its companion pinion 71 will move anadditional unit backwardly as is required in transferring in subtractingoperations. I It is necessar to prevent accidental rotation of thetotaiizer pinions when the totalizer is moved out of mesh with theactuating segments. A piece of sheet metal 109 is provided for thispurpose which is bent to the form of a tooth cut away at 122 to clearthe numbered drums of the totalizer which will co-act with the teeth ofthe totalizer pinions so as to aline the same and prevent their rotationwhen moved.out of mesh with the actuating segments. The alining member109 extends entirely across the lower side of the totalizer and issupported by arms 110 mounted in grooves in the collars 68 and 78 of thesupporting arm of the totalizer and being so supported always moves withthe totalizer when the same is shifted longitudinally. One of the arms110 has a rearward extension 111 which carries the in 112 which co-actswith the fork in a bel crank lever 113. The bell crank lever is pivotedto the frame at 114 and has an arm 115 which co-acts with apair ofnotches at the lower end of the arm 36 which is one of the pair of armsupon which the totalizer is mounted. When the totalizer is moved out ofmesh with the actuatin .segments the V-shaped art 116 which is tween thenotches at the ower end of the arm 36 engag s the arm 115 so as to rockthe bell crank lei ,1 113 downwardly u on its pivot 114. The forked endof the bell crank lever engages the pin 112 upon the arm 110 and rocksthe alining teeth 109 into engagement with the totalizer. before thetotalizer is fully unmeshed with the actuating segments and remains in'enagement all the time that the totalizer is in its out of gearposition. Likewise when the totalizer is moved into mesh with theactuating segments, the V-shaped part 106 on the arm 36 causes thealining teeth 109 to follow the totalizer until the same be 'ns to meshwith the actuating segments. en the V- shaped part 116 passes thehighest point on the arm 115 and allows the same to s ring upwardly andthereby move the a ining teeth 109 clear of the totalizer. The totalizerwill always engage either the actuating segments or the alining teeth,even when the totalizer is being moved in a longitudinal direction inorder to change from an adding operation to a subtracting operation orvice versa. The shift of the totalizer in a longitudinal direction ofcourse always occurs when the totalizer is engaged by the alining tooth109 and is entirely out of mesh with the actuating se ments:

The lower supportin ro 123 for 'thc guide-way 16 is notche at 124 and125 to receive the supporting arms 36 and 37 for the totalizer, when thetotalizer is rocked into mesh with the actuating se ents with thetotalizer in either the ad ing or subtracting positions and toaline thetotalizer in either of the two positions, and also to lock it againstshifting in a longitudinal direction when in mesh.

The bell crank lever 113 has a rearwardly extending arm 117 upon whichis mounted a roll or pin 118, which co-acts with a downward extension119 of the lever 51 so that the arm 115 of the bell crank lever 113 willprevent any shifting of the totalizer into or out of mes except at theends of the alternate strokes of the lever 51. This is important becauseof course the totalizer should not be meshed or unmeshed except when thesegments are either in their upper position or at rest in their lowerposition.

The operation of the machine is as follows: If it is desired to add anamount to the totalizer the keys 10 which represent such an amount willfirst be depressed; thensegments of the banks in, whic keys had beendepressed and also operatethe latches.

21 to release such segments. The frame 24 is rocked downwardly upon theoscillation of the shaft 26 and allows the segments to follow, beingdrawn downwardly by their springs 23 until stopped by the bent parts ofthe rods 13 which are in their paths. the starting of the oscillation ofthe shaft 26 and before the segments'start to move down wardly, the pawl50 on the arm 51 engages the pin 48 and rocks the three-armed lever 43upon its pivot 45 and forces the arm 41 in the direction of the arrow120 (Fig. 1) which arm engages the pin 39 on the arm 36 and rocks thetotalizer out of mesh with the actuating segments. When the segments arein their lowered positions, the pawl engages the pin 49 on the lever 43and so returns the totalizer into mesh. The frame 24 is then returnedpicking up the segments which had been lowered and rocking the sameupwardly to their zero positions, also causing the segments to rotatetheir respective counter pinions the desired amount. If any of thepinions pass from nine to zero after having made a complete rotation thepins 121 of suchpinions will strike their respective transfer pawls 56and rock the same backwardly upon their pivots 57 andso move the part 58of the pawls out of the paths of the pins 59 on the segments of nexthigher order than the ones which operate the pinions which effect thetransfer. The said segments will then be free to-move upwardl anadditional unit under the action oft e spring 60 and so record thecomplete rotationof the totalizer pinions of lower order on the pinionsof next higher order. The extent of downward movement of the se ent-sdetermines which of the type 53 is rought opposite the rinting line andwhen the segments are in t eir lowered positions, the hammersareactuated to press actuating segments 35 move downwardly extentsdetermined by the ke s which are depressed, out of mesh with t etotalizer as in operations of addition. The arm 41 acts upon the pin 39on the supporting'arm 36 for the totalizer, the same as in operations ofaddition to hold the totalizer out of mesh during the downward stroke ofthe segments and then move the totalizer into mesh at the beginning ofthe return of the operation handle and to allow them to remain in meshduring the return of the segments, but in subtracting operations, whilethe se ments are moved downwardly and the tota izer is out of mesh, thecam lever 99 will move upwardly and return the roll 98 from its positionindicated by 98 and to which it was moved by the depression of thesubtracting key to its initial position thereby rocking the lever 88 onits pivotal connection 89 with the bell crank lever 91 and pulling thelink 86 in the direction indicated by the arrow 87 (Fig. 2) so that thelever 83 will be rocked upon its pivot 84 and through camming againstthe pin 81 which is secured'to the totalizer frame cause the totalizerto be shifted to the right. (See Fig. 3-). This will bring the set ofpinions opposite the actuating segments so 'that upon the return of thesegments to their initial positions, the segments will rotate thepinions 70 forwardly and thereby reversely rotate the pin; ion 71whereby the amount which has been set up on the keyboard will besubtracted from the pinions 71 and the difference will be indicated onthe drums 74 which are rigid with the pinions 70. Every time any of thedrums 74 are backwardly rotated a com lete rotation it is necessary tosubtract one Trom the drum of next higher order to record the completebackward rotation of the drum, just the reverse of adding operations,wherein it is necessary to rotate the drum of next higher order anadditional unit of movement forwardly for each complete rotation of anyof the drums 74.

In subtracting operations, the p1ns 121 carried by the totalizer pinions70 actuate the transfer pawls 56 and the segments controlled thereby thesame as do the pins 121 on the pinions 71 in operations of addition.Upon t ecompletion of an o eration when the segment rack 34 reaches itshome position it engages the lower end of the pawl 101 and causes theupper end thereof to engage the'pin 103 of the subtraction key and rockthe subtraction key out of engaging position with the plate 94 and sopermit the key to return to its initial position. The bell crank lever91 rocks back to its former position upon the rise of the subtractionkey and in so .doing rocks the lever 88 upon its pivot 9 .nd brings theroll 98 to the position indicated at 98 (Fig. 1). Then upon the nextoperation of the machine, the totalizer will be automatically shifted toadding position unless the subtraction key is again depressed in whichcase the roller 98 would be returned to its central position and thetotalizer left in its subtracting position, the roller 98 remainingunaffected upon the rise of the cam arm 99; but if the subtraction keyis allowed to remain in its upper position and an amount is set up onthe keyboard to be added to the totalizer, the machine will operate asusual except that the cam 99 will cause the roller 98 to be shifted fromthe position indicated at 98 to the normal central position and therebyrock the lever 88 upon its pivot 89 and throughthe link 86 return thelever 83 to the position in which it is shown in Fig. 2 and thereby camthe totalizer back to its adding position so that when the actuatingsegments 35 are returned, the amount which has been set up on thekeyboard will be added upon the totalizer. It will thus be seen that thepositioning of the totalizer is automatically caused by the machineoperation, under control of the subtraction key. Normally the roller98'is.in the position of Fig. 1, and it remains in that position as10112 as additions only are made. If the subtraction key is depressedtheroller is thereby moved to the position 98 is then restored to centralposition by cam 99, thereby moving the totalizer to subtractingposition, and is finally moved ,to the position 98 by restoration of thesubtracting key. If the next operation is a subtraction the depressionof the subtracting key will move the roller again to central position,in which the cam'99 has no effect, and the totalizer therefore, isunmoved. On the other hand, if the next operation is an addition, thecam 99 will engage roller 98 in its position 98 and restore it tocentral position thereby restoring the totalizer to its normal addingposition. It may here be noted that in adding operations the transferpawls are tripped when the totalizer drums pass from nlne to zero whilein subtracting operations the transfer pawls are tripped when thetotalizer drums pass from zero to nine and as during subtraction thedrums rotate oppositely to the direction of rotation of the subtractinggears it is necessary to havethe pins 121 on gears 70 one step lower inthe horizontal plane when all the pins are at zero osition, in orderthat in one case the trans er pawl will be trippedwhen the totalizerdrums reach zero and in the other case when the totalizer drums reachnine. This arrangement is illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 8 whichshows one of the totalizer drums in its .zero position with the pins 121on the adding gear, in full lines and the pin 121 on the subtractinggear in dotted l1nes..

While the form of mechanism herein shown and described is admirablyadapted all coining within the scope of the claims which follow.

lVhat is claimed is as follows:

1 In an accounting machine, the combinatlon with a totalizer, of drivingmechanism for, the same, akeyboard which controls the driving mechanism,.the totalizer comprising different denominational elements each ofwhich consists of a register gear arranged to be rotated in a forwarddirection by the driving mechanism and a companion gear arranged tobackwardly rotate the register gear when the companion ar 1s meshed withthe driving mechanlsm, means for shifting the totalizer to move theregister gears out of mesh and the compan- 1OI1., g6aIS into 'mesh withthe driving mechanism. r

2. In an accounting machine, the combination with a totalizer of drivingmechanism for the same,the totalizer comprisin different denominationalelements each 0 which consists of a pair of accumulating gears saidgears bein cared together so that rotation of one o t e gears will causethe opposite rotation of the other gear,

means for shifting the totalizer so that one or the other of the sets ofgears may be meshed with the driving mechanism.

3. In an accounting machine, the combination with a totalizer,'ofdriving mechanism for the same, means for controlling the drivingmechanism, the totalizer consistin of a plurality of accumulatingwheels, and a duplicate set of wheels, all of said wheels mounted inaxial alinement, intermediate gears between the duplicate set and theaccumulating wheels so that when one set of wheels is rotated the otherset will be oppositely rotated.

4. In an accounting machine, the combination with a totalizer, ofdriving mechanism for the same, means for controlling the oppositely'rotated, and transfer devices,

which may be controlled by either set.

5, In an accounting machine, the combination with a totalizer of drivingmechanism-for the same, a keyboard for controlling the drivin mechanism,the totalizer comprising di%erent denominational elements, each of whichconsists of a register wheel or gear arranged to be rotated m a forwarddirection by the driving mechanlsm and a companion wheel andintermediate gears between the two for backwardly rotating the registerwheel when the com anion gear is meshed with the driving mec anism, anda shifting device for causing the companion gears tobe meshed with thedriving mechanism, with connections for actuating said shifting deviceby the driving mechanism.

6. In an accounting machine, the combination with a keyboard of drivingmechanism controlled thereby, a totalizing. device consisting of pairsof gears and intermediate gears for each denomination, mechanism forshifting the totalizing device whereby either of the sets of gears maybe brought to operative relation with the drivin mechanism, a key forcontrolling the shi ting mechanism so that the shifting mechanism willbe actuated by the driving mechanism when the driving mechanism isoperated.

key the lever will be rocked upon its pivot,

a member controlled by the driving mechanism which upon operation of theoperating mechanism will rock the lever upon the point at which the keyis secured thereto thus causing the shift of the totalizer.

8. In an accounting machine, the combination with a keyboard of drivingmechanism controlled thereby, a totalizing device consisting of two setsof gears one or the other of which may be meshed with the drivingmechanism, intermediate gears for each denominational pair of gears,mechanism for shifting the totalizing device so that either of the setsof gears will be meshed with the driving mechanism, the shiftingmechanism containing a lever pivotally con nected to the totalizmgdevice at one end, means for rocking the lever on its pivot, a devicefor pivotally securing the lever at some other point than its pivotalconnection with the totalizin device, and means for rocking the leverrom said second pivot so as to cause the totalizer to be shifted.

9. In an accounting machine, the combination with a keyboard of drivingmechanism controlled thereby, a totalizing device consisting of two setsof gears, either of which may be meshed with the driving mechanism,intermediate gears for each denominational pair of gears, means fornormally. retaining one set of gears in operative relation with thedriving mechanism and mechanism for shifting the totalizing device sothat the other of the sets of gears will be meshed with the drivingmechanism, a key which when depressed controls said mechanism so thatupon an operation of the machine the said. shift will occur, means forautomatically releasing said key at the end of an operation and meanswhereby if the said key is not again depressed upon the next succeedinoperation of the machine the totalizer will be restored to normalposition before being actuated by the driving mechanism.

10. In an accounting machine, the combination with a keyboard ofdifferential mechanism cont-rolled thereby, a totalizer arranged inrespect to the differential mechanism to be rotated by the same in onedirection only, the totalizer comprising duplicate registering membersfor each denomination of the same making two sets and arranged tooppositely actuate each other when one of the sets is operated, andmeans for causing either of the duplicate sets of registering members tobe operatively connected with the differential mechanism.

11. In an accounting machine, the combination with a keyboard ofdifferential mechanism controlled thereby, a totalizer arranged inrespect to the difi'erential mechanism to be rotated by the same in onedirection only, the totalizer comprising two registering members foreach denomination of the same, making two sets of registering members,said members being arranged to oppositely actuate each other when one orthe other of the sets is operated, means for causing the difierentialmechanism to operate upon either one or the other of the two sets ofregistering members.

12. In an accounting machine, the combination with a keyboard ofdifferential mechanism controlled thereby, a totalizer arran d to be 0erated by the differential mec anism, a subtractin device which may beoperatively connecte with the totalizer by movin the totalizer out ofoperative relation with the difierential mechanism and the subtractingdevice into operative relation with the differential mechanism and meansfor accomplishing the said movement.

13. In an accounting machine, the combination with a keyboard ofdifferential mechanism controlled thereby, a totalizing device arrangedto be actuated by the differential mechanism, the totalizing devicecomprlsing duplicate sets of registering members arranged to o positelyactuate each other when actuate and means for causing either of the setsof registerin members to operatively connected wit the difierentialmechanism.

14. In an accounting machine, the combination with manipulative devicesof differen- V 15. In an accounting mac line, the combinae tion withmanipulative devices and differential mechanism controlled thereby, of atotalizer, a key for controllingthe'relation between the differentialmechanism and the totalizer so as to bring them to either an adding or asubtracting relation, means for retaining the key in its depressedposltion, and

means for automatically releasin the key at the completion of anoperation 0 the differential mechanism.

16. In an accountmg machine, the combination with manipulative devicesanddifi'erential mechanism controlled thereby, of a totalizer arrangedto be actuated by the differential mechanism, the totalizer comprisingtwo registering wheels for each denomination, a bevel gear secured toeach registering wheel and an intermediate bevel pinion mounted betweeneach pair of bevel gears of like denomination to transmit rotation ofone to the other.

17. In an accounting-machine, the combination with a totalizer, ofdrivin mechanism for the same, means for di erentially operating thedriving mechanism, the totalizer comprising a pair of accumulatingwheels for each denomination of the same, all of said wheels beingmounted u on a single shaft, each pair of the accumu ating wheels beinggeared together so that rotation of one wheel will cause the oppositerotation of the other wheel, and means for causing one or the-other ofthe sets of accumulating wheels to be operatively connected with thedriving mechanism.

18. In an accounting machine, the combination with a totalizer, ofdrivin mechanism for the same, means for di erentially operating thedriving mechanism, the totalizer comprising a pair of accumulatingwheels for each denomination of the same,-

all of said Wheels being mounted upona single shaft, each pair of theaccumulating wheels being geared together so that rotation of one wheelwill cause the opposite rotation of the -other wheel, and means forshifting totalizer in a longitudinal direction so that either one or theother of the sets of accumulating wheels will be operatively connectedwith the driving mechanism.

19. In an accounting machine, the combination with a keyboard, ofdifferential mechanism controlled thereby, a totalizin device arrangedto be actuated by the di erential mechanism, the totalizing devicecomprising duplicate sets of registering members arthe sets ofregistering members with the differential mechanism.

20. In an accounting machine, the combination with a totalizer.anddifferential mechanism for the same, of means for moving the totalizerinto and out of mesh with the differential mechanism, the totalizercomprising two accumulating wheels for each denomination of the samearranged so that when one isrotated it will op ositely rotate the other,the accumulating w ieels being all mounted in axial alinement, means forshifting the totalizer in a longitudinal direction to bring differentsets of accumulating Wheels opposite the differential mechanism andmeans for preventing the longitudinal shift when the totalizer is meshedwith the differential mechanism.

21. In an accounting machine, the combination with a differentiallyadjustable mechanism, of a totalizer comprising a pair of registeringelements with an intermediate gear connecting said pair, and means forengaging either of said pair of re istering elements-with thedifferentially a..justable mechanism.

22. In an accounting machine, the combination with a differentiallyadjustable mechanism, of a totalizer comprising a pair of registeringelements, with a connectin gear therefor, and means for shifting saipair of elements to positions wherein they may each be separatelyengaged by said difl'erentiall adjustable mechanism.

23. ii an accounting machine, the combination with a differentiallyadjustable mechanism, of a. totalizer driven thereby and comprisingapair of registering elements and a gear permanently connecting saidpair, a bar or rod carrying said pair of totalizer elements, and meansfor axially shifting said bar or rod.

, 24. In an accounting machine, the combination with a differentiallyadjustable mechanism, of a totalizer comprising a pair of registeringelements and a bevel gear connecting said pair, and means for engagineither of said air of elements with said differentially ad ustablemechanism.

25. In an accountin machine, the combination with a differentiallyadjustable mechanism, of a totalizer comprisin a pair of registeringelements each 1ncludmg a bevel ear, and a third bevel gear connectingsaid rst two gears, with means for connectin either of said first twogears with said di ferentially adjustable mechanism.

26. In an accountin machine, the combination with a differentiallyadjustable mechanism, of a totalizer comprising a pair ofregistering'elements each including a bevel gear, a bar or rod on whichsaid gears are mounted, a third bevel gear connectlng sa d first-twogears, and-means for shifting said bar or rod to bring either pair ofregistering elements into the plane of said differentially adjustablemechanism.

27. In an accounti machine, the combination with a differentlallyadjustable mechanism, of a totalizer comprisin a pair of registeringelements, each inclu ing a bevel gear, a frame including a bar or rod onwhich said pair ;of elements is mounted, a third bevel gear connectingsaid first two gears, and means for rocking said frame to engage eitherof said pair 0 elements with the differentially adjustable mechanism.

28. In an accountin machine, the combination with a differentiallyadjustable mechanism, of a totalizer actuatable thereby and comprising apair of registering elements each including a gear, a gear connectionbetween said first two gears, a pivoted frame including a bar or rod onwhich said first t-wo ears are mounted, means for rocking said rame toengage and disengage said two gears and said difi'erentiall adjustablemechanism and means for shi ting said bar or rod transversely to bringeither of said two gears into the plane of movement of saiddifferentially adjustable mechanism.

29. In an accounting machine, the combination with an operatingmechanism, of a totalizer actuated thereby and comprising a pair ofregistering elements each includlng a gear, a positive mechanismpermanently connecting said gears, means for shifting said gears tobring either of them into cooperative relation to the operatingmechanism, and a single transfer mechanism common to both said gears.

30. In an accounting machine the combination with an operatingmechanism, comrising a rack, with means for determining 1ts extent ofmovement, a totalizer comprising a pair of registering elements eachincluding a gear, a positive mechanism permanently connecting said gearsmeans for bringing either of said gears into cooperative relation withsaid rack, and a device controllable by the gears when in such 00-operative relation for permitting an extra extent of movement of saidrack.

, 31. In an accounting machine, the combination with an operatingmechanism, of a totalizer comprising a pair of register-elements eachincluding a gear, a gear connection between said two first gears, meansfor engaging and disengaging either of said first gears with theoperating mechanism, means for shifting said pair of gears to bringeither of them into cooperative relation with said operating mechanism,and a hand operated device controlling such shifting.

32. In 'an accounting machine, the combination with an operatingmechanism, of a totalizer comprising a pair of registering elements eachincludin a gear, a positive mechanism permanent y connecting said gears,and means for engaging and disengaging either of said gears with saidoperating mechanism.

33. In an accounting machine, the combination with an operatingmechanism, of a totalizer comprising a pair of registering elements eachincluding a gear, a frame including a bar or rod on which said pair ofgears is mounted, a positive mechanism permanently connecting said gearsand carried by said rod, and means for shifting said bar or rod toengage or disengage said gears and said operating mechanism.

34. In an accounting machine, the combination with differentialmechanism, of a totalizer arranged to be actuated by the difierentialmechanism, the totalizer comprising two sets of registering members,means whereby'the actuation of one set will cause the o posite actuationof the other set, transfer eyices, means for bringing either set intooperative relation with the differential mechanism and transfer devices,transfer pins on each set of registering members, the transfer pins ofone set being located in a different plane with the pins on the otherset when the totalizer is in zero position.

35. In an accounting machine, the combination with a set of spacedoperating racks, of totalizing mechanism comprising two sets ofalternated elements, the elements of each set being spaced equidistantlywith said racks, means forengaging and disengaging said racks and saidsets of totalizing elements separately, mechanism including a lever,connected to shift said totalizing mechanism to bring either set ofelements thereof into the planes of said racks, a key having a permanentconnection to said lever at approximately the center of said lever, andmeans for moving one end of said lever to an invariable position.

36. In an accounting machine, the combination with a set of spacedoperating racks, of totalizing mechanism comprising two sets 115 ofelements, the elements of each set being spaced equidistantly with saidracks, a frame carrying said sets of totalizing elements, means ormoving said frame to engage and disengage said racks and either of 120said sets of elements, a key and devices positioned thereby, constructedto determlne which set of elements shall be so engaged by movement ofsaid frame, and means for moving said frame to an invariable positionwhen 125 said key remainsunactuated.

37. In an accounting machine, the combination with a series of operatingdevices, and means for giving them differential movements, of atotalizing mechanism comprising 130 two sets of connected denominationalelements, means for engaging either set of totalizer elements with saidoperating devices, transfer controlling devices positioned to beactuated by either set of denominational elements, and constructed to)ermit an additional' unitary movement 0 said operating devices. 38.'Inan accounting machine, the combination with a series of operatingdevices, and means for giving them differential movements, of atotalizing mechanism comprising two sets of connected denominationalelements, a frame carrying both sets of totalizer elements, means formoving said frame to engage either set of totalizing elements with saidoperating devices, transfer controlling devices common to both sets ofelements an positioned to be actuated by the set of totalizing elementsengaged with the o erating 20 devices, and connections actuated y saidtransfer devices permitting an excess unitary movement of said operatingdevices.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of twowitnesses.

CHARLES F. KETTERING. o

W'itnesses: I

FRED E. HAMILTON, RUDow RUMMLER.

